Wild swimming has gone mainstream in the US, and the difference between a memorable dip and a murky one usually comes down to water clarity. A roundup from Matador Network picks out nine American spots where you can see every rock, fish and turtle beneath you — from desert waterfalls to glacial lakes.

In Florida, two very different options stand out. Devil's Den near Gainesville is a 50-foot-deep sinkhole where you snorkel or scuba dive in cave water held at a constant 72°F, surrounded by stalactites and 33-million-year-old fossil beds (you'll need a mask to get in, but rentals are available, and the only resident reptile is a turtle named Nelson). Up the road at Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge, Three Sisters Springs is so transparent you can see the bottom from the boardwalk. Swimming is unrestricted from April 1 to November 14; in manatee season the springs close to protect the animals, though tours still run in the adjacent canal.

Out west, the pickings are dramatic. Havasupai Falls sits on tribal land at the bottom of the Grand Canyon, where 98-foot Havasu Falls pours into aqua pools against orange travertine. Access is strictly controlled by the Havasupai people — permits come via an online lottery starting around February 1, cost roughly $150 per person per night, and require a minimum stay. Closer to the coast, Hanauma Bay on Oahu lets you snorkel with sea turtles and spinner dolphins in a protected marine preserve; entry is $7.50, tours don't include it, and the park shuts every Tuesday to give the bay a breather.

There are cooler options too. Yosemite allows swimming in most of its waterways — try the calm stretch of the Merced at El Capitan Meadow or alpine Tenaya Lake on Highway 120. Lake Tahoe, the second-deepest lake in the country, has famously crisp water and an easy sandy entry at Sand Harbor on the Nevada side. Warren Falls in Vermont's Green Mountain National Forest offers turquoise-to-emerald pools below twin waterfalls (dogs welcome, weekends busy), while Missouri's Johnson's Shut-Ins State Park has river pools carved into erosion-resistant igneous rock — some placid, some behaving like natural water slides. In Maine, Sebago Lake State Park, one of the country's five earliest state parks, fills a granite basin with near-white sand beaches and year-round facilities.

For travellers, the appeal is obvious: these are cheap or free thrills compared with resort pools, and each comes with a setting you won't find anywhere else. Just check seasonal rules before you go — manatee closures, permit lotteries and park opening days all matter here.